Experiment 2 - Prime discrimination task
Didino Daniele
October 2021
This file is part of the supplementary material of the manuscript: Didino, D., Brandtner, M., & Knops, A. (2021). No influence of masked priming on the multiplication fact retrieval in a result verification task.
This script analyzes the Forced-choice prime detection task of experiment 2. The analysis is based on both accuracy and d’ (see function return_d_prime for the formula used to calculate it).
Dataset loaded: exp_soa_data_PDT.csv (data of forced-choice prime detection tasks (PDT))
Load libraries and data:
library('tidyverse')
#> -- Attaching packages --------------------------------------- tidyverse 1.3.1 --
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#> v tibble 3.1.0 v dplyr 1.0.5
#> v tidyr 1.1.3 v stringr 1.4.0
#> v readr 1.4.0 v forcats 0.5.1
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#> x dplyr::filter() masks stats::filter()
#> x dplyr::lag() masks stats::lag()
library('here')
#> here() starts at D:/mult_prime
library('janitor')
#>
#> Attaching package: 'janitor'
#> The following objects are masked from 'package:stats':
#>
#> chisq.test, fisher.test
library('plotly')
#>
#> Attaching package: 'plotly'
#> The following object is masked from 'package:ggplot2':
#>
#> last_plot
#> The following object is masked from 'package:stats':
#>
#> filter
#> The following object is masked from 'package:graphics':
#>
#> layout
library('ggpubr')
# library('knitr')
library('kableExtra')
#>
#> Attaching package: 'kableExtra'
#> The following object is masked from 'package:dplyr':
#>
#> group_rows
library('BayesFactor')
#> Loading required package: coda
#> Loading required package: Matrix
#>
#> Attaching package: 'Matrix'
#> The following objects are masked from 'package:tidyr':
#>
#> expand, pack, unpack
#> ************
#> Welcome to BayesFactor 0.9.12-4.2. If you have questions, please contact Richard Morey (richarddmorey@gmail.com).
#>
#> Type BFManual() to open the manual.
#> ************
# Load my functions
source(here('funcs', 'load_my_functions.R'))
# Load data
exp2_pdt <- read_csv(here('data', 'rawdata', 'exp_soa_data_PDT.csv'))
#>
#> -- Column specification --------------------------------------------------------
#> cols(
#> sj = col_character(),
#> age = col_double(),
#> gender = col_character(),
#> op1 = col_double(),
#> op2 = col_double(),
#> probe = col_double(),
#> product = col_double(),
#> prime = col_double(),
#> filler = col_double(),
#> probe_type = col_character(),
#> prime_type = col_character(),
#> SOA = col_character(),
#> acc = col_double(),
#> RT = col_double(),
#> block = col_double(),
#> problem_size = col_character(),
#> timing = col_character()
#> )Select the same participants included in the analysis on RT for the result verification task.
exp2_pdt_sj <-
exp2_pdt %>%
filter(!(sj %in% c('sj15', 'sj17', 'sj24', 'sj28', 'sj29', 'sj31')))Plot RTs
Plot RT (across sj, accuracy and SOA)
exp2_pdt_sj %>%
mutate(acc = as.factor(acc)) %>%
ggplot(data = .) +
geom_boxplot(
mapping = aes(x = sj, y = RT)
) +
geom_point(
mapping = aes(x = sj, y = RT, colour = acc),
position = position_dodge(0.9, preserve = 'total'),
shape = 1
) +
facet_wrap(~SOA, nrow = 3)
#> Warning: Removed 2 rows containing non-finite values (stat_boxplot).
#> Warning: Removed 2 rows containing missing values (geom_point).
Plot accuracy
Plot accuracy by SOA and subject
plot_PVT <-
exp2_pdt_sj %>%
group_by(sj, SOA) %>%
summarise(acc = mean(acc)) %>%
ungroup() %>%
ggplot(aes(x = acc, y = sj, colour = SOA)) +
geom_point(position = position_dodge(0.5, preserve = 'total')) +
coord_cartesian(xlim = c(0, 1)) +
geom_vline(xintercept = c(0.4, 0.5, 0.6),
linetype = 'dashed',
color = c('grey', 'black', 'grey'),
size = 0.5)
#> `summarise()` has grouped output by 'sj'. You can override using the `.groups` argument.
ggplotly(plot_PVT)Tables are created with the my function return_info()
tb <-
return_info(exp2_pdt_sj)tb$gender| gender | n | percent |
|---|---|---|
| female | 17 | 60.71 |
| male | 11 | 39.29 |
tb$age| mean | sd | min | max |
|---|---|---|---|
| 30.54 | 6.19 | 21 | 40 |
tb$error| N_error | N_trial | percent_error |
|---|---|---|
| 809 | 5040 | 16.05 |
tb$omitted| N_omitted | N_trial | percent_omitted |
|---|---|---|
| 2 | 5040 | 0.04 |
tb$timing| N_wrong_timing | N_trial | percent_wrong_timing |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | 5040 | 0 |
tb$less_200| N_less_200 | N_trial | percent_less_200 |
|---|---|---|
| 158 | 5040 | 3.13 |
Calculate statistics for accuracy (across SOA, prime type, and probe type)
exp2_pdt_sj %>%
return_stats(c('SOA', 'prime_type', 'probe_type'), DV = 'acc') %>%
make_table('Accuracy')
#> `summarise()` has grouped output by 'sj', 'SOA', 'prime_type'. You can override using the `.groups` argument.
#> `summarise()` has grouped output by 'SOA', 'prime_type'. You can override using the `.groups` argument.| SOA | prime_type | probe_type | N_sj | Mean | SD | SE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SOA_070 | letter | not_product | 28 | 0.82 | 0.24 | 0.05 |
| SOA_070 | letter | product | 28 | 0.82 | 0.26 | 0.05 |
| SOA_070 | number | not_product | 28 | 0.90 | 0.17 | 0.03 |
| SOA_070 | number | product | 28 | 0.94 | 0.07 | 0.01 |
| SOA_120 | letter | not_product | 28 | 0.81 | 0.27 | 0.05 |
| SOA_120 | letter | product | 28 | 0.78 | 0.28 | 0.05 |
| SOA_120 | number | not_product | 28 | 0.87 | 0.21 | 0.04 |
| SOA_120 | number | product | 28 | 0.90 | 0.15 | 0.03 |
| SOA_170 | letter | not_product | 28 | 0.78 | 0.29 | 0.05 |
| SOA_170 | letter | product | 28 | 0.72 | 0.27 | 0.05 |
| SOA_170 | number | not_product | 28 | 0.82 | 0.24 | 0.04 |
| SOA_170 | number | product | 28 | 0.90 | 0.15 | 0.03 |
Analysis on accuracy
Plot accuracy by SOA
plot_acc_soa_OLD <-
exp2_pdt_sj %>%
group_by(sj, SOA) %>%
summarise(acc = mean(acc)) %>%
ungroup() %>%
ggplot(aes(x = SOA, y = acc, fill = SOA)) +
geom_flat_violin(position = position_nudge(x = 0.1, y = 0),
adjust = 1.5,
trim = TRUE,
alpha = .5,
colour = NA) +
geom_point(aes(x = as.numeric(factor(SOA)) - 0.15, y = acc, colour = SOA),
position = position_jitter(width = 0.05, height = 0),
size = 2,
shape = 20) +
geom_boxplot(outlier.shape = NA,
alpha = 0.5,
width = 0.1,
colour = "black") +
guides(fill = 'none') +
guides(color = 'none') +
scale_colour_brewer(palette = 'Dark2') +
scale_fill_brewer(palette = 'Dark2') +
geom_hline(yintercept = 0.5,
linetype = 'dashed',
color = 'red',
size = 0.3)
#> `summarise()` has grouped output by 'sj'. You can override using the `.groups` argument.
plot_acc_soa_OLD
plot_acc_soa <-
exp2_pdt_sj %>%
group_by(sj, SOA) %>%
summarise(acc = mean(acc)) %>%
ungroup() %>%
ggplot(aes(x = SOA, y = acc, fill = SOA)) +
geom_boxplot(outlier.shape = NA,
width = 0.2) +
geom_point(aes(x = as.numeric(factor(SOA)) - 0.25, y = acc, colour = SOA),
position = position_jitter(width = 0.05, height = 0),
size = 2,
colour = "gray40",
shape = 20) +
labs(x = 'SOA', y = 'Accuracy') +
# ylim(0, 1) +
guides(fill = 'none') +
guides(color = 'none') +
scale_fill_manual(values = c('gray70', 'gray70', 'gray70')) +
scale_color_manual(values = c('gray70', 'gray70', 'gray70')) +
theme(
#panel.grid.major = element_blank(),
#panel.grid.minor = element_blank(),
panel.background = element_blank(),
panel.grid.major.y = element_line(colour = 'grey90'),
panel.grid.minor.y = element_line(colour = 'grey90'),
panel.grid.major.x = element_blank(),
panel.grid.minor.x = element_blank(),
strip.background = element_blank(),
text = element_text(size = 12),
axis.text = element_text(size = 10, colour = 'black'),
# axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45, hjust = 1),
# axis.title = element_text(size = 14),
panel.border = element_rect(colour = 'black', fill = NA, size = 0.5)
)
#> `summarise()` has grouped output by 'sj'. You can override using the `.groups` argument.
plot_acc_soa
Calculate accuracy mean by participant and SOA
exp2_pdt_mean_acc <-
exp2_pdt_sj %>%
return_means(acc, c('sj', 'SOA'), .)
#> `summarise()` has grouped output by 'sj'. You can override using the `.groups` argument.Compute Bayes factors
exp2_pdt_bf <-
exp2_pdt_mean_acc %>%
group_by(SOA) %>%
nest() %>%
mutate(
BF_test = map(data,
~ttestBF(x = .x$DV,
mu = 0.5)),
BF_value = map(BF_test,
~extractBF(.) %>%
tibble %>%
select(bf, error))
) %>%
unnest(BF_value)Calculate statistics for accuracy
exp2_pdt_stats <-
exp2_pdt_sj %>%
return_stats(c('SOA'), DV = 'acc')
#> `summarise()` has grouped output by 'sj'. You can override using the `.groups` argument.Table: accuracy and Bayes factor
Table with accuracy mean, standard deviation and standard error (aggregated on subject, and SOA), and Bayes factors:
exp2_table3 <-
full_join(
exp2_pdt_stats %>%
mutate(across(where(is.numeric), ~round(.x, digits = 3))),
exp2_pdt_bf %>%
select(SOA, bf) %>%
rename(BF_10 = bf) %>%
mutate(across(where(is.numeric), ~signif(.x, 1))))
#> Joining, by = "SOA"
# Show results
exp2_table3 %>%
make_table('Accuracy and Bayes factor (across SOA)')| SOA | N_sj | Mean | SD | SE | BF_10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SOA_070 | 28 | 0.87 | 0.15 | 0.03 | 4e+10 |
| SOA_120 | 28 | 0.84 | 0.17 | 0.03 | 4e+08 |
| SOA_170 | 28 | 0.81 | 0.16 | 0.03 | 6e+07 |
Calculate d’ sensitivity measures
The d’ is calculated for each subject and each SOA (SOA_170, SOA_120, SOA_70)
# Calculate d'
d_prime <-
exp2_pdt_sj %>%
return_d_prime()
#> `summarise()` has grouped output by 'sj'. You can override using the `.groups` argument.
# Print the results in csv and txt files
d_prime %>%
make_table('d prime (and statistics used to calculate it) across subjects')| sj | SOA | n_letter | n_number | hit | false_al | hr | fr | z_hr | z_fr | d_prime |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| sj00 | SOA_070 | 30 | 30 | 28 | 1 | 0.93 | 0.03 | 1.50 | -1.83 | 3.34 |
| sj00 | SOA_120 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 0 | 1.00 | 0.00 | Inf | -Inf | Inf |
| sj00 | SOA_170 | 30 | 30 | 27 | 0 | 0.90 | 0.00 | 1.28 | -Inf | Inf |
| sj01 | SOA_070 | 30 | 30 | 29 | 3 | 0.97 | 0.10 | 1.83 | -1.28 | 3.12 |
| sj01 | SOA_120 | 30 | 30 | 27 | 7 | 0.90 | 0.23 | 1.28 | -0.73 | 2.01 |
| sj01 | SOA_170 | 30 | 30 | 26 | 7 | 0.87 | 0.23 | 1.11 | -0.73 | 1.84 |
| sj02 | SOA_070 | 30 | 30 | 29 | 3 | 0.97 | 0.10 | 1.83 | -1.28 | 3.12 |
| sj02 | SOA_120 | 30 | 30 | 29 | 0 | 0.97 | 0.00 | 1.83 | -Inf | Inf |
| sj02 | SOA_170 | 30 | 30 | 26 | 10 | 0.87 | 0.33 | 1.11 | -0.43 | 1.54 |
| sj03 | SOA_070 | 30 | 30 | 17 | 17 | 0.57 | 0.57 | 0.17 | 0.17 | 0.00 |
| sj03 | SOA_120 | 30 | 30 | 18 | 18 | 0.60 | 0.60 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.00 |
| sj03 | SOA_170 | 30 | 30 | 14 | 12 | 0.47 | 0.40 | -0.08 | -0.25 | 0.17 |
| sj04 | SOA_070 | 30 | 30 | 23 | 10 | 0.77 | 0.33 | 0.73 | -0.43 | 1.16 |
| sj04 | SOA_120 | 30 | 30 | 17 | 9 | 0.57 | 0.30 | 0.17 | -0.52 | 0.69 |
| sj04 | SOA_170 | 30 | 30 | 20 | 13 | 0.67 | 0.43 | 0.43 | -0.17 | 0.60 |
| sj05 | SOA_070 | 30 | 30 | 28 | 2 | 0.93 | 0.07 | 1.50 | -1.50 | 3.00 |
| sj05 | SOA_120 | 30 | 30 | 26 | 1 | 0.87 | 0.03 | 1.11 | -1.83 | 2.94 |
| sj05 | SOA_170 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 3 | 1.00 | 0.10 | Inf | -1.28 | Inf |
| sj06 | SOA_070 | 30 | 30 | 29 | 22 | 0.97 | 0.73 | 1.83 | 0.62 | 1.21 |
| sj06 | SOA_120 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 29 | 1.00 | 0.97 | Inf | 1.83 | Inf |
| sj06 | SOA_170 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 24 | 1.00 | 0.80 | Inf | 0.84 | Inf |
| sj07 | SOA_070 | 30 | 30 | 29 | 1 | 0.97 | 0.03 | 1.83 | -1.83 | 3.67 |
| sj07 | SOA_120 | 30 | 30 | 29 | 2 | 0.97 | 0.07 | 1.83 | -1.50 | 3.34 |
| sj07 | SOA_170 | 30 | 30 | 29 | 4 | 0.97 | 0.13 | 1.83 | -1.11 | 2.94 |
| sj08 | SOA_070 | 30 | 30 | 28 | 1 | 0.93 | 0.03 | 1.50 | -1.83 | 3.34 |
| sj08 | SOA_120 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 6 | 1.00 | 0.20 | Inf | -0.84 | Inf |
| sj08 | SOA_170 | 30 | 30 | 29 | 1 | 0.97 | 0.03 | 1.83 | -1.83 | 3.67 |
| sj09 | SOA_070 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.03 | Inf | -1.83 | Inf |
| sj09 | SOA_120 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.03 | Inf | -1.83 | Inf |
| sj09 | SOA_170 | 30 | 30 | 29 | 4 | 0.97 | 0.13 | 1.83 | -1.11 | 2.94 |
| sj10 | SOA_070 | 30 | 30 | 27 | 20 | 0.90 | 0.67 | 1.28 | 0.43 | 0.85 |
| sj10 | SOA_120 | 30 | 30 | 24 | 20 | 0.80 | 0.67 | 0.84 | 0.43 | 0.41 |
| sj10 | SOA_170 | 30 | 30 | 27 | 25 | 0.90 | 0.83 | 1.28 | 0.97 | 0.31 |
| sj11 | SOA_070 | 30 | 30 | 29 | 1 | 0.97 | 0.03 | 1.83 | -1.83 | 3.67 |
| sj11 | SOA_120 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 0 | 1.00 | 0.00 | Inf | -Inf | Inf |
| sj11 | SOA_170 | 30 | 30 | 29 | 1 | 0.97 | 0.03 | 1.83 | -1.83 | 3.67 |
| sj12 | SOA_070 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 12 | 1.00 | 0.40 | Inf | -0.25 | Inf |
| sj12 | SOA_120 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 7 | 1.00 | 0.23 | Inf | -0.73 | Inf |
| sj12 | SOA_170 | 30 | 30 | 28 | 6 | 0.93 | 0.20 | 1.50 | -0.84 | 2.34 |
| sj13 | SOA_070 | 30 | 30 | 27 | 2 | 0.90 | 0.07 | 1.28 | -1.50 | 2.78 |
| sj13 | SOA_120 | 30 | 30 | 27 | 2 | 0.90 | 0.07 | 1.28 | -1.50 | 2.78 |
| sj13 | SOA_170 | 30 | 30 | 29 | 6 | 0.97 | 0.20 | 1.83 | -0.84 | 2.68 |
| sj14 | SOA_070 | 30 | 30 | 20 | 5 | 0.67 | 0.17 | 0.43 | -0.97 | 1.40 |
| sj14 | SOA_120 | 30 | 30 | 9 | 5 | 0.30 | 0.17 | -0.52 | -0.97 | 0.44 |
| sj14 | SOA_170 | 30 | 30 | 6 | 7 | 0.20 | 0.23 | -0.84 | -0.73 | -0.11 |
| sj16 | SOA_070 | 30 | 30 | 28 | 1 | 0.93 | 0.03 | 1.50 | -1.83 | 3.34 |
| sj16 | SOA_120 | 30 | 30 | 28 | 0 | 0.93 | 0.00 | 1.50 | -Inf | Inf |
| sj16 | SOA_170 | 30 | 30 | 23 | 2 | 0.77 | 0.07 | 0.73 | -1.50 | 2.23 |
| sj18 | SOA_070 | 30 | 30 | 27 | 17 | 0.90 | 0.57 | 1.28 | 0.17 | 1.11 |
| sj18 | SOA_120 | 30 | 30 | 26 | 19 | 0.87 | 0.63 | 1.11 | 0.34 | 0.77 |
| sj18 | SOA_170 | 30 | 30 | 29 | 27 | 0.97 | 0.90 | 1.83 | 1.28 | 0.55 |
| sj19 | SOA_070 | 30 | 30 | 29 | 4 | 0.97 | 0.13 | 1.83 | -1.11 | 2.94 |
| sj19 | SOA_120 | 30 | 30 | 27 | 6 | 0.90 | 0.20 | 1.28 | -0.84 | 2.12 |
| sj19 | SOA_170 | 30 | 30 | 24 | 5 | 0.80 | 0.17 | 0.84 | -0.97 | 1.81 |
| sj20 | SOA_070 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.07 | Inf | -1.50 | Inf |
| sj20 | SOA_120 | 30 | 30 | 29 | 2 | 0.97 | 0.07 | 1.83 | -1.50 | 3.34 |
| sj20 | SOA_170 | 30 | 30 | 28 | 3 | 0.93 | 0.10 | 1.50 | -1.28 | 2.78 |
| sj21 | SOA_070 | 30 | 30 | 28 | 0 | 0.93 | 0.00 | 1.50 | -Inf | Inf |
| sj21 | SOA_120 | 30 | 30 | 28 | 2 | 0.93 | 0.07 | 1.50 | -1.50 | 3.00 |
| sj21 | SOA_170 | 30 | 30 | 27 | 2 | 0.90 | 0.07 | 1.28 | -1.50 | 2.78 |
| sj22 | SOA_070 | 30 | 30 | 29 | 0 | 0.97 | 0.00 | 1.83 | -Inf | Inf |
| sj22 | SOA_120 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.03 | Inf | -1.83 | Inf |
| sj22 | SOA_170 | 30 | 30 | 27 | 0 | 0.90 | 0.00 | 1.28 | -Inf | Inf |
| sj23 | SOA_070 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 0 | 1.00 | 0.00 | Inf | -Inf | Inf |
| sj23 | SOA_120 | 30 | 30 | 28 | 3 | 0.93 | 0.10 | 1.50 | -1.28 | 2.78 |
| sj23 | SOA_170 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 7 | 1.00 | 0.23 | Inf | -0.73 | Inf |
| sj25 | SOA_070 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.07 | Inf | -1.50 | Inf |
| sj25 | SOA_120 | 30 | 30 | 28 | 4 | 0.93 | 0.13 | 1.50 | -1.11 | 2.61 |
| sj25 | SOA_170 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 0 | 1.00 | 0.00 | Inf | -Inf | Inf |
| sj26 | SOA_070 | 30 | 30 | 26 | 5 | 0.87 | 0.17 | 1.11 | -0.97 | 2.08 |
| sj26 | SOA_120 | 30 | 30 | 26 | 6 | 0.87 | 0.20 | 1.11 | -0.84 | 1.95 |
| sj26 | SOA_170 | 30 | 30 | 23 | 7 | 0.77 | 0.23 | 0.73 | -0.73 | 1.46 |
| sj27 | SOA_070 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 2 | 1.00 | 0.07 | Inf | -1.50 | Inf |
| sj27 | SOA_120 | 30 | 30 | 27 | 0 | 0.90 | 0.00 | 1.28 | -Inf | Inf |
| sj27 | SOA_170 | 30 | 30 | 18 | 6 | 0.60 | 0.20 | 0.25 | -0.84 | 1.09 |
| sj30 | SOA_070 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 0 | 1.00 | 0.00 | Inf | -Inf | Inf |
| sj30 | SOA_120 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 0 | 1.00 | 0.00 | Inf | -Inf | Inf |
| sj30 | SOA_170 | 30 | 30 | 29 | 1 | 0.97 | 0.03 | 1.83 | -1.83 | 3.67 |
| sj32 | SOA_070 | 30 | 30 | 28 | 0 | 0.93 | 0.00 | 1.50 | -Inf | Inf |
| sj32 | SOA_120 | 30 | 30 | 28 | 1 | 0.93 | 0.03 | 1.50 | -1.83 | 3.34 |
| sj32 | SOA_170 | 30 | 30 | 29 | 4 | 0.97 | 0.13 | 1.83 | -1.11 | 2.94 |
| sj33 | SOA_070 | 30 | 30 | 24 | 17 | 0.80 | 0.57 | 0.84 | 0.17 | 0.67 |
| sj33 | SOA_120 | 30 | 30 | 25 | 19 | 0.83 | 0.63 | 0.97 | 0.34 | 0.63 |
| sj33 | SOA_170 | 30 | 30 | 26 | 21 | 0.87 | 0.70 | 1.11 | 0.52 | 0.59 |
In order to have a valid d’ value, the accuracy must NOT be 0 or 1. If accuracy is 0 or 1, then d’ cannot be computed (in this case R output is “infinite”).
The following plot report accuracy across subject, SOA and prime type (letter vs. number). Some subject have accuracy equal to 1 (in the plot, the purple lines represent accuracy 0 and 1), and thus d’ cannot be computed.
plot_PVT <-
exp2_pdt_sj %>%
group_by(sj, SOA, prime_type) %>%
summarise(acc = mean(acc)) %>%
ungroup() %>%
ggplot(aes(x = acc, y = sj, colour = SOA, shape = prime_type)) +
geom_point(position = position_dodge(0.5, preserve = 'total')) +
coord_cartesian(xlim = c(0, 1)) +
geom_vline(xintercept = c(0, 1),
linetype = 'dashed',
color = 'purple',
size = 0.3)
#> `summarise()` has grouped output by 'sj', 'SOA'. You can override using the `.groups` argument.
ggplotly(plot_PVT)The d’ can be computed in all SOA conditions only for the following subjects: 1, 3, 4, 7, 10, 13, 14, 18, 19, 26, 33
# Check whether d' values is infinite or NA
sj_excluded <-
d_prime %>%
filter(is.infinite(d_prime) | is.na(d_prime)) %>%
pull(sj) %>%
unique()
# Subject excluded: sj03, sj06, sj13, sj14, sj15, sj16, sj28
sj_excluded
#> [1] "sj00" "sj02" "sj05" "sj06" "sj08" "sj09" "sj11" "sj12" "sj16" "sj20"
#> [11] "sj21" "sj22" "sj23" "sj25" "sj27" "sj30" "sj32"
# Subject selected: sj03, sj06, sj13, sj14, sj15, sj16, sj28
setdiff(unique(d_prime$sj), sj_excluded)
#> [1] "sj01" "sj03" "sj04" "sj07" "sj10" "sj13" "sj14" "sj18" "sj19" "sj26"
#> [11] "sj33"Select subjects with finite d’ values.
# exclude sj with infinite d'
d_prime_f <-
d_prime %>%
filter(!(sj %in% sj_excluded))Statistics for d’
# Calculate mean d'
t_mean_d_prime <-
d_prime_f %>%
return_stats(., c('SOA'), DV = 'd_prime')
#> `summarise()` has grouped output by 'sj'. You can override using the `.groups` argument.
# Show the table with the statistics
t_mean_d_prime %>%
make_table('d prime statistics')| SOA | N_sj | Mean | SD | SE |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SOA_070 | 11 | 1.80 | 1.18 | 0.36 |
| SOA_120 | 11 | 1.38 | 1.10 | 0.33 |
| SOA_170 | 11 | 1.17 | 1.04 | 0.31 |
Plot d prime by SOA
d_prime_f %>%
ggplot(aes(x = SOA, y = d_prime, fill = SOA)) +
geom_flat_violin(aes(fill = SOA),
position = position_nudge(x = .1, y = 0),
adjust = 1.5,
trim = FALSE,
alpha = .5,
colour = NA) +
geom_point(aes(x = as.numeric(factor(SOA)) - .15, y = d_prime, colour = SOA),
position = position_jitter(width = .05),
size = 2,
shape = 20) +
geom_boxplot(aes(x = SOA, y = d_prime, fill = SOA),
outlier.shape = NA,
alpha = .5,
width = .1,
colour = "black") +
scale_colour_brewer(palette = "Dark2") +
scale_fill_brewer(palette = "Dark2") +
geom_hline(yintercept = 0,
linetype = 'dashed',
color = 'red',
size = 0.5)
Conclusions
Despite the masking, both accuracy and d’ clearly show that participants could perceive the prime.
Save plots in a file
ggarrange(plot_acc_soa)
ggsave(here('figures', 'exp2_PDT_acc.tiff'),
width = 4,
height = 3,
dpi = 150) # or dpi = 300session information
xfun::session_info()
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#> Running under: Windows 10 x64 (build 19044)
#>
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#> LC_CTYPE=English_United Kingdom.1252
#> LC_MONETARY=English_United Kingdom.1252
#> LC_NUMERIC=C
#> LC_TIME=English_United Kingdom.1252
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